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A concussion is a type of brain injury that occurs when a blow to the head causes the brain to shake inside the skull, causing temporary alteration of the brain''s normal function. Symptoms of concussion include brief loss of consciousness, dizziness, confusion, memory loss, blurred vision, ringing in the ears, nausea and vomiting.
Concussions can range from mild to severe, and it is possible to sustain a concussion without losing consciousness. In most cases of concussion without loss of consciousness, treating concussion can occur at home. Regardless of the severity of the concussion, it is important to monitor the victim closely for 24 hours following the accident to ensure treatment of worsening symptoms.
The most important thing in treating concussion is allowing time for healing. This requires sufficient rest and slow return to daily functions. Insufficient rest and immediate return to activities - especially sports or other activities that could lead to further head trauma - can cause irreparable damage.
If vomiting is present, treating concussion also means treating vomiting and nausea. In this case, avoid fluids until one hour after the last vomiting episode; after one hour, it is recommended to drink 4 fl oz of clear liquid every 20 minutes for one hour. Slowly regain eating habits until all symptoms are gone for 12 to 48 hours, when appetite can return to normal.
Concussions may exist without any external symptoms. On the contrary, there may also be bleeding and injury to other body parts. If this is the case, treating concussion also means treating wounds and other injuries. Deep wounds or injuries that may have penetrated the skull require immediate medical attention. Superficial wounds may be treated by applying pressure with a clean cloth for 15 minutes.