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A class action refers to a legal complaint brought upon a corporation or private entity by a group of individuals with a common legal purpose. In order for a suit to be certified as a class action, a district court judge must listen to the complaints and decide if there is enough evidence to support a class action.
In determining the classification of a class action, several factors are taken into consideration. First, there must be enough people with the same complaint. Second, the same question of law must apply to all members of the class. Third, all damages and requirements must be the same for all named plaintiffs. Finally, the people representing the class must be representative of all members. Once the determination is made to qualify the complainants as a class, the suit may be settled in or out of court, with a settlement or through class action litigation.
If the complaint goes forth into litigation, members of the class have the choice to participate in the class action litigation or to "opt out" of the litigation. Those who opt out relinquish their rights to any compensation at the outcome of the class action litigation. They also give up their voice in the class action hearing.
Class members who choose to participate should have equal say and equal rights during the class action litigation. In the end, all members should also receive equal compensation for the class action settlement.
Once the class action litigation is concluded and both parties agree on a settlement, the attorney fees for class action litigation are usually taken out of the money recovered during the settlement. A typical rate of 25 percent of the reward is usually charged, but it may be higher depending on the court.
The law prefers that class action suits be settled out of court - prior to entering litigation. The fees accumulated during class action litigations are often great, while the compensatory reward for the plaintiffs is less than significant, due to the large number of individuals that may make up a class.
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