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According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), removing lead paint improperly can create a danger to all those exposed. Undisturbed lead paint that is in good condition usually is not a hazard. It is only when the paint becomes chipped or sanded into dust that it becomes a likely source of danger. For this reason, proper removal by a lead-based paint professional is recommended.
Permanent elimination of the hazards associated with lead paint is referred to as abatement. The abatement process for lead paint involves removing, sealing or encasing lead-based paint with special materials. Certain short-term methods, such as repairing damaged painted surfaces, have been used to reduce the risk of lead exposure. However, painting over deteriorating lead-based paint does not permanently take care of the problem, and the process will need to be repeated regularly. Periodically wiping down dusty surfaces with a high phosphorous cleaning solution can also temporarily reduce the risks associated with lead paint exposure.
Although do-it-yourself lead paint removal kits are on the market, studies have questioned the effectiveness of these products. Furthermore, the disposal of the paint chips and debris remains an issue that is best handled by a trained professional. Lead dust particles may remain in the air for a long time; a thorough containment and removal are necessary to eliminate all risks associated with lead and lead dust.
While the lead paint removal process requires the use of a professional, doors or other objects that can be removed without creating dust can be abated without hired help. The complete abatement process, however, which often involves sandpaper, scrapers, chemicals, sand blasters, torches or heat guns, often produces dust or fumes that are dangerous if inhaled. A certified lead paint remover should perform any removal process that involves an area greater than one square foot.
A wet method of lead paint removal will greatly reduce the amount of lead dust that forms during the procedure. All surfaces should be wet-wiped prior to removal; a liquid paint stripper is recommended for the removal process.
During lead paint removal, the house should be cleared of all occupants, especially infants, children and pregnant women, who are at highest risk of lead-related illnesses. All food and eating utensils should be cleared from the removal area; the room should be cleared of all furniture, drapes and carpeting. A sealed working environment helps keep the lead paint contained; a wet mop and vacuum clear the area after the removal is complete.
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