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Gadolinium is a chemical used in contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the most common gadolinium side effect is an allergic reaction that is often mild but can occasionally be very severe and even fatal. In addition, the FDA recently warned patients and physicians about a potential side effect of gadolinium called nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), a debilitating and potentially fatal disease with no cure. NSF can develop within days after a single injection of a gadolinium-based contrast agent, or it can take up to 18 months to manifest itself.

Other Gadolinium Side Effects

In addition to NSF and severe allergic reactions, gadolinium side effects may include:

• Shortness of breath
• Hives
• Facial swelling
• Superficial inflammation or irritation of blood vessels
• Blood clots
• Headache
• Nausea
• Low blood pressure and lightheadedness

The FDA Warns of Gadolinium Risks

Gadolinium is a non-radioactive substance used in contrast agents that go by various brand names (OptiMARK, Magnevist, Omniscan, ProHance, MultiHance). It provides greater contrast between normal and abnormal tissue in the body. After being injected into a vein, a gadolinium-based contrast agent accumulates in the abnormal tissue and is then rapidly cleared from the body by the kidneys. Individuals with kidney malfunction are warned about the risks of gadolinium in the new FDA-mandated warning on the contrast agents' product labeling.

Gadolinium and NSF

Although gadolinium poses a grave risk for people with kidney disease, patients with normal kidney function are also subject to the risk of NSF. Patients with NSF develop thickened skin and connective tissues, resulting in severely limited movement and even broken bones. The symptoms of NSF include:

• Fluctuating hypertension
• Symmetrical skin lesions, usually on the thighs and ankles and between the wrists and upper arms
• Red patches on the skin
• Skin that feels "woody," with a texture like that of an orange peel
• Thickening of the skin around the joints
• Burning, itching, and/or sharp pains in affected areas
• Calcification of soft tissues
• Deep bone pain in the ribs and hips
• Muscle weakness

If You're Suffering from Gadolinium Side Effects

If you suspect you that you are developing or have NSF, contact a physician for an examination that may involve a skin biopsy. If you have been diagnosed with NSF or another severe side effect of gadolinium, contact an experienced NSF attorney to protect your legal rights.

"Gadolinium Linked to Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis"

The Food and Drug Administration finalized on Friday its earlier action to strengthen the label on certain dyes used for magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI. The dyes will now carry a bold black box to warn of a potentially fatal side effect in some kid...

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